Shear-induced damped oscillations in an epithelium depend on actomyosin contraction and E-cadherin cell adhesion.

Shear forces between cells occur during global changes in multicellular organization during morphogenesis and tissue growth, yet how cells sense shear forces and propagate a response across a tissue is unknown. We found that applying exogenous shear at the midline of an epithelium induced a local, short-term deformation near the shear plane, and a long-term collective oscillatory movement across the epithelium that spread from the shear-plane and gradually dampened. Inhibiting actomyosin contraction or E-cadherin trans-cell adhesion blocked oscillations, whereas stabilizing actin filaments prolonged oscillations. Combining these data with a model of epithelium mechanics supports a mechanism involving the generation of a shear-induced mechanical event at the shear plane which is then relayed across the epithelium by actomyosin contraction linked through E-cadherin. This causes an imbalance of forces in the epithelium, which is gradually dissipated through oscillatory cell movements and actin filament turnover to restore the force balance across the epithelium

Concurrent infections of hepatitis C and HIV in hepatitis B patients in the north-east of Iran

Co-infection of HBV, HCV and HIV is common because of shared routes of viral transmission with increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Anti-HCV and HIV antibodies of168 HBV patients were assayed. Co-infection of HCV in HBV patients was seen in four cases (2.4%). Simultaneous infection of HIV in HBV patents was seen in three cases (1.8%).There was no simultaneous co-infection of HCV, HIV and HBV. It is recommended that all patients are screened for possible co-infections before initiating treatment

Leiomyosarcoma of inferior vena cava and right atrium with Ascites and Jaundice: A case report

Leiomyosarcoma is one of the soft tissue sarcomas that could originate from different parts of body and are mostly presented as retropritoneal mass. Leiomyosarcomas of vascular origin are particularly rare tumors occurring mainly in inferior vena cava (IVC). Here, we report the case of a 35-year-old male patient who presented with ascites and jaundice. Further evaluation revealed large hepatic and cardiac masses with extension to IVC. Since it was not possible to determine the point of origin of leiomyosarcoma, the patient received chemotherapy under diagnosis of metastatic leiomyosarcoma but unfortunately passed away. © 2016, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS). All rights reserved

Diagnostic accuracy of fine needle aspiration cytology versus concurrent core needle biopsy in evaluation of intrathoracic lesions: A retrospective comparative study

Background: Transthoracic fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology and core needle biopsy (CNB) are two commonly used approaches for the diagnosis of suspected neoplastic intrathoracic lesions. This study compared the diagnostic accuracy of FNA cytology and concurrent CNB in the evaluation of intrathoracic lesions. Materials and Methods: We studied FNA cytology and concurrent CNB specimens of 127 patients retrospectively, using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), immunohistochemistry, and, on certain occasions cytochemistry. Information regarding additional tissue tests was derived from the electronic archives of the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine as well as patient records. Diagnostic accuracy was calculated for each test. Results: Of 127 cases, 22 were inconclusive and excluded from the study. The remaining 105 were categorized into 73 (69.5) malignant lesions and 32 (30.5) benign lesions. FNA and CNB findings were in complete agreement in 63 cases (60). The accuracy and confidence intervals (CIs) of FNA and CNB for malignant tumors were 86.3 (CI: 79.3-90.7) and 93.2 (CI: 87.3-96.0) respectively. For epithelial malignant neoplasms, a definitive diagnosis was made in 44.8 of cases by FNA and 80.6 by CNB. The diagnostic accuracy of CNB for nonepithelial malignant neoplasms was 83.3 compared with 50 for FNA. Of the 32 benign cases, we made specific diagnoses in 16 with diagnostic accuracy of 81.3 and 6.3 for CNB and FNA, respectively. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that FNA is comparable to CNB in the diagnosis of malignant epithelial lesions whereas diagnostic accuracy of CNB for nonepithlial malignant neoplasms is superior to that for FNA. Further, for histological typing of tumors and examining tumor origin, immunohistochemical work up plays an important role

Stop using the flotation technique and start weighing salbutamol pressurised metered-dose inhalers without dose counters.

Salbutamol pressurised metered-dose inhalers (pMDIs) are not equipped with dose counters outside the USA. The aim of this study was to describe a simple reproducible method for determining the number of doses remaining in a pMDI based on scale weight. With a laboratory scale, the mean weight of the canisters was 28.61 ± 0.10 g after priming and 14.84 ± 0.23 g after 200 puffs. Similar results were obtained with two common digital scales. We recommend weighing salbutamol canisters on a common digital scale, and replacing an old pMDI with a new one when the weight falls to ≤15 g

The occurrence of giant mesenteric cyst and adrenal ganglioneuroma in a schizophrenic male patient presenting as pseudocyesis: A case report

In psychological patients like our case, somatically expressed symptoms which can imply another psychological syndrome should be dealt with cautiously. © 2020 The Authors. Clinical Case Reports published by John Wiley & Sons Lt

Osteoclast-like giant-cell tumor of the parotid with salivary duct carcinoma: Case report and cytologic, histologic, and immunohistochemical findings

Primary giant-cell tumor of the salivary gland is a rare lesion with an incompletely characterized histogenesis. To the best of our knowledge, only 16 cases have been previously documented in the English-language literature. We report a new case, which occurred in a 75-year-old man who presented with a parotid mass and cervical lymphadenopathy. The patient underwent a left total parotidectomy and cervical lymph node dissection. As far as we know, ours is the only reported case of a primary giant-cell tumor of the salivary gland in which the patient presented with lymph node metastasis. Because so little is known about giant-cell tumor of the salivary gland, we use the occasion of this case report to describe the cytologic, histologic, and immunohistochemical characteristics that we observed

Intracardiac metastasis of malignant melanoma

Aim: To report a case of intracardiac metastasis of malignant melanoma with multiple mobile, large masses in left atrium (LA), left ventricle (LV) and right atrium (RA). © The Author 2007